气候变暖对西北干旱区农作物种植结构的影响

Affect of Climate Warming on Crops Planting Structure in Arid Zone of Northwestern China

采用年平均气温与冬小麦、春小麦、玉米和棉花种植面积的相关分析得出:年平均气温与新疆冬小麦种植面积呈显著负相关,与西北干旱区大部地方春小麦种植面积呈显著负相关,与西北干旱区大部地方玉米种植面积呈显著正相关,与新疆和甘肃河西棉花种植面积呈显著正相关。气候变暖、热量资源增加,使喜凉的春小麦和冬小麦种植面积呈迅速减少趋势,喜温的玉米和棉花种植面积呈迅速扩大,夏秋作物种植结构发生明显改变。

Correlation analysis results show that the yearly mean temperature has significantly negative correlation with the cultivation area of winter wheat in Xinjiang and with the cultivation area of spring wheat in arid regions in northwestern China, but has significantly positive correlation with the cultivation area of corn in arid regions in northwestern China and the cultivation areas of cotton in Xinjiang Province and in Hexi corridor of Gsnsu Province. Climate warming and thermal resource increasing have resulted in the fast decreasing of spring and winter wheat planted areas, whereas the planted areas of thermophyte corn and cotton quickly extend. The planting structure of summer and autumn crops has apparently changed.