全麻诱导中地塞米松联合氟哌啶预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的恶心呕吐

The prevention of nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with dexamethasone combined with droperidol during induction of general anesthesia

目的:探讨全麻诱导中地塞米松联合氟哌啶预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术后恶心、呕吐的效果。方法:随机将240例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者分为3组(各80例)。Ⅰ组(对照组)全麻诱导中不用地塞米松、氟哌啶;Ⅱ组全麻诱导中用地塞米松10mg;Ⅲ组全麻诱导中用地塞米松10mg和氟哌啶40μg/kg,观察术后48h患者的恶心、呕吐情况。结果:Ⅰ组患者恶心、呕吐的发生率为72.5%;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组恶心、呕吐的发生率分别为32.5%和7.5%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:全麻诱导中用地塞米松联合小剂量氟哌啶能预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术后的恶心、呕吐。

Objective：To explore the effect of prevention for postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic chyolecystectomy with dexamethasone combined with droperidol during induction of general anesthesia.Methods：Two hundred and forty patients with ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ who would undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into three groups（80 patients in each group）.Group Ⅰ（control group）was not given dexamethasone and droperidol in induction of general anesthesia.Group Ⅱ was given only 10 mg dexamethasone.Group Ⅲ was given 10 mg dexamethasone and 40 ug/kg droperidol.All patients were observed within postoperative 48 hours for nausea and vomiting.Results：The incidence of nausea and vomiting in group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ was respectively 72.5%,32.5% and 7.5%,which had significant differences among groups（P〈0.05）.Conclusions：The nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be prevented maximally with dexamethasone combined with droperidol in small dose during induction of general anesthesia.