云南省主要反刍家畜饲养基地土壤钴含量分布及其影响因素

Studies on the contents,distribution and influence factor of cobalt in soil from mainly ruminant feeding base of Yunnan province

土壤缺钴导致的饲料钴含量低是家畜钴缺乏的主要原因。文章对云南省主要家畜饲养基地巍山、洱源、丽江、永胜、元江、通海、陆良、宜良和昭通9个县(市)的147个土壤钴含量分布及其影响因素进行了研究,为评价区域性饲料及家畜钴的营养状况提供理论依据。样品钴的分析测定采用ICP-AES法。结果表明:云南省主要家畜饲养基地147个表层土样含钴量变异较大,变辐在6.50～23.87mg·kg-1之间,平均值为12.49mg·kg-1,略低于全国钴背景值,属中等含钴水平。钴含量最高的土壤为玄武岩红壤和碳酸盐岩红壤。成土母质和土壤铁、锰、铜、硒和阳离子交换量(CEC)对土壤钴含量及分布的影响较为突出,而土壤有机质、pH与土壤全钴含量无显著相关性。

Lack of cobalt in animal arises from deficiency cobalt in roughages which is caused low cobalt in soils in fact. This article studied the contents,distribution and influence factor of cobalt in soil by analyzing the 147 soil samples from mainly ruminant feeding base including Weishan,Eryuan,Lijiang,Yongsheng,Yuanjiang,Tonghai,Luliang,Yiliang and Zhaotong county. Cobalt content in samples was analyzed by using ICP-AES for providing theoretical background by evaluating the cobalt nutritional status from roughages and ruminants. The results showed that there was big variance on cobalt contents of soil. The range was from 6.50 to 23.87 mg·kg^-1. The mean value was 12.49 mg·kg^-1and lower than average value of contents of cobalt in China,and belonged to middle level. The content of cobalt in soil from Paleozoic Basalt and Red Earth Area of Carbonzte was highest than other type soils. The soil parent material,contents of iron,manganese,copper,selenium and cation exchange capacity （CEC） markedly affect the content and distribution of cobalt. They were not significant relationships between organic matter,pH and content of cobalt in soils.