车用汽油替代燃料生命周期能源消耗和排放评价

Life Cycle Energy and Environment Assessment of Gasoline and Its Alternative Fuels

建立了石化汽油、乙醇、甲醇、液化石油气、液化天然气、压缩天然气等汽油替代燃料生命周期能源消耗和排放评价模型,提出汽油替代燃料生命周期净能源外部成本指标,并进行生命周期能源消耗和排放评价.结果表明,与汽油比较,乙醇、煤制甲醇的生命周期净能源外部成本升高,天然气制甲醇、液化石油气、液化天然气、压缩天然气的生命周期净能源外部成本降低.从降低生命周期净能源成本角度出发,天然气制甲醇、液化石油气、液化天然气、压缩天然气是优先选择的汽油替代燃料.

Life cycle energy consumption and environment emission assessment model of conventional gasoline and its alternative fuels is established in this paper. And, external cost of net energy yield （ECNEY） ,an indictor to link life cycle energy consumption and environmental pollutant emissions of conventional gasoline, ethanol, methanol, liquefied petroleum gas （LPG）, liquefied natural gas （LNG） and compressed natural gas （CNG）, is put forward. Then, life cycle energy and environment assessment of conventional gasoline and its alternative fuels is made. Compared with conventional gasoline, ethanol （from wheat,maize, and cassava） and methanol from coal achieve higher ECNEY, whereas, methanol from natural gas, LPG, LNG, and CNG achieve lower ECNEY. From the perspective of reducing ECNEY, methanol from natural gas, LPG, LNG, and CNG are proposed to be chosen first as gasoline alternative fuels in China.