用玄武岩矿石为原料生产连续纤维工艺的研究

Study in Continuous Fibers Forming Technology by Using of Basalt Mine

研究用陕西略阳玄武岩矿石原料生产连续纤维的工艺。对试样进行化学成分分析,采用热天平对试样的热质量(TG)及差示扫描量热(DSC)分析。该矿物的完全熔化温度约1 320℃,最高析晶温度约1 260℃,其化学组成及质量分数比与格鲁吉亚玄武岩成分基本吻合,可用于连续纤维成形。通过以此矿石为原料生产连续纤维的实验,研究高温熔炉的升温曲线及不同原料对连续纤维成形的影响。在原料为一次熔料,设定炉温为1 340～1 360℃的情况下,玄武岩能够形成较长的纤维;连续纤维成形可采用的升温曲线为9个保温段,在300℃,500℃,800℃,1 000℃,1 200℃时设保温,为了提高成形性能在1 320℃,1 340℃,1 360℃时设置较长时间保温。此工艺使玄武岩成形过程稳定,纤维质量良好,可为将来进行工业化生产提供重要的指导和依据。

This study intends to form continuous fibers by use of the basalt mine in Lueyang, Shaanxi Province. By means of various analyses including chemical determination, TG, DSC, etc., It is discovered that the melting and crystallizing point of the basalt mine in Lueyang is 1320 and 260 ℃, respectively, and its chemical content is close to that in Georgia, and therefore it is suitable for forming continuous fibers. Further studies of the influences of heating temperature and different original mined results that long continuous fibers could form at the temperature 1340 ～ 1360 ℃ after nine temperature holding steps. Long holding time in sequence at 1320℃, 1340 ℃ and 1360 ℃ could improve the formation of fibers. Using this regime, the forming process was observed to be stable and the quality of fiber was good.