胸骨的形态学观测及其临床意义

MorphologicaI Measurements on Sternum and Their Clinical Significance

目的:提供胸骨测量与观察的地方性资料,为临床胸骨穿刺术提供解剖学依据.方法:使用游标卡尺测量胸骨的有关数据.结果:胸骨长(137.03±20.20)mm;胸骨柄长(48.17±6.04)mm,柄最大宽(53.96±7.25)mm,柄最小宽(29.56±5.35)mm,柄厚(12.57±1.46)mm,柄前皮质厚(1.23±0.14)mm,柄后皮质厚(1.20±0.12)mm;体长(87.59±23.62)mm,体最大宽(31.67±6.57)mm,体厚(13.69±6.28)mm,体前皮质厚(1.28±0.15)mm,体后皮质厚(1.23±0.13)mm,胸骨体前软组织厚(2.04±0.46)mm.胸骨长宽指数23.1,胸骨体长宽指数36.1,胸骨体柄长指数55.0,胸骨宽厚指数42.5,胸骨长柄长指数35.2.胸骨柄体分离79例,占78.2%;带有胸骨体裂孔7例,占6.9%;带有骨性剑突10例,占9.8%.结论:本组胸骨长与柄长、体长之间有高度相关性(P<0.01).

Objective： To offer local morphological data on sternum for sternal puncture.Methods： All data were obtained with sliding caliper.Results： The length of sternum was（137.03±20.20）mm;the length of manubrium of sternum was（48.17±6.04） mm;maximum width of manubrium was（53.96±7.25）mm;minimum width of manubrium was（29.56±5.35）mm;the thickness of themanubrium was（12.57±1.46）mm;the thickness of anterior cortical bone of manubrium was（1.23±0.14）mm;the thickness of posterior cortical bone of manubrium was （1.20±0.12）mm;the lenth of body of sternum was（87.59±23.62）mm;maximum widthof body was（31.67±6.57）;the thickness of the body was（13.69±6.28）mm; the thickness of anterior cortical bone of the body was（1.28±0.15）mm;the thickness of posterior cortical bone of the body was（1.23±0.13）mm;the thickness of anterior soft tissue of the body was（2.04±0.46）mm;index of length and width of sternum was 23.1;index of length and width of body of sternum was 36.1;index of length of manubrium of sternum was 55.0;index of width and thickness of sternum was 42.5;index of length of manubrium of sternum was 35.2;79 cases with separated manubrium and body of sternum,occupying 78.2%.7 cases with hiatus in body of sternum,accounting for 6.9%.10 cases with bony xiphoid process,occupying 9.8%.Conclusion： It shows that there is a high correlation between the length of the sternum and the length of manubrium and of body of stenum（P〈0.01）.