微生物中的烷基硫酸酯酶在生物转化中的应用研究进展

Recent advances in application of microbial alkyl sulfatases in biotransformation

在工业生物技术中,大多数催化生产非天然化合物的水解酶对于对映异构体都有一定的偏爱性,如羧酸酯水解酶、脂肪酶以及蛋白酶,但它们在催化过程中不能改变底物的立体化学结构,而烷基硫酸酯酶可以通过倒置或保留底物构型来改变底物的立体化学。所以硫酸酯酶可催化外消旋体发生对映体汇聚过程,将外消旋硫酸酯水解成单一立体构型仲醇,且理论产率为100%。这对于传统的动力学拆分而言,是一个很大的进步。因为在动力学拆分中,要产生2种构型产物,产率分别都为50%。

The majority of hydrolytic enzymes used in white biotechnology for the production of nonnatural compounds show a certain preference for a given enantiomer, such as carboxyl ester hydrolases, lipases and proteases. However, they are unable to alter the stereochemistry of the substrate during catalysis. Alkyl sulfatases can do it during catalysis by inversion or retention of substrate＇s configuration. So it can be employed for the enantio-convergent transformation of racemic sulfate esters into a single stereoisomeric secondary alcohol, with a theoretical yield of 100%. This is a major improvement for traditional kinetic resolution processes, which yield both enantiomers, each at 50%.