280例哮喘儿童与遗传及环境的调查研究

Study on the descendiblity and environment in 280 children with asthma in Dong Guan City

目的为进一步了解哮喘儿童发作诱因，减少发作频率。方法（1）调查问卷；（2）查血常规；（3）作过敏原系列测试。结果280例哮喘儿童中，自身有过敏性鼻炎者126例（45％），有荨麻疹史者72例（25．71％），有奶癣史者52例（18．57％），有药敏史者45例（16．07％），父系有哮喘史者21例（7．50％），父系有过敏性鼻炎史者62例（22．14％）。母系有过敏性鼻炎史者55例（19．64％），同胞中有过敏性鼻炎者27例（9．64％），有荨麻疹史5例（1．78％），有奶癣史者0例。有药敏史者1例（0．35％），与肺炎组（对照组）比较有显著性差异。发病诱因中哮喘组有呼吸道感染史者228例（81．42％），吃海鲜过敏者87例（31．07％），个人饮食喜好、家庭环境及家居周围环境调查两组均无明显差异。结论（1）特应质是引起哮喘的最确定的危险因素，55％有明确家族过敏史。（2）在众多诱因中，呼吸道感染居首位，占81．42％。

Objective In order to reduce the illness frequency,we should know more inducements which induce the asthmatic. children to be ill. Methods （ 1 ） Questionnaire surveys; （2） Checking .the blood conventionality; （ 3 ） Doing the allergen tests. Resuits In the 280 eases of asthmatic children, there arc 126（45% ） eases which are with the history of allergic coryza,there arc 72 （25.71% ） eases which are with the history of urticaria, there are 52 （ 18.57 % ） which are with the history of milk - ringworm, there are 45（ 16. 07% ） cases which are with the allergic history of medicine, there are 21 （7. 50% ） eases which are with asthmatic history in the father family,there arc 62（22. 14% ）eases which arc with the history of allergic coryza in the father family,there arc 55 （ 19. 64% ） eases which arc with the history of allergic coryza in the mother family, in the brethren, there arc 27 （ 9.64% ） eases which arc with the history of allergic coryza, there arc 5 （ 1.78% ） eases which arc with the history of urticaria ,there are 0 ease which is with the history of milk -ringworm, there are 1（0.35% ） ease which is with the allergic history of medicine. It shows a significant difference when it compares with the pneumonia group. In all the inducements, we can see there arc 228 （81.42%） eases which arc with the history of breath infection,there are 87（31.07% ） eases which are allergic with seafood. There are no significant differences between the group of the fancy of bite and sup and the group of the home environment. Conclusion （ 1 ） The allergic eorporeity is the most dangerous factor which results the asthma. There are 55% which are with exactly family allergic history. （2）In the a lot of inducements,the primary factor is breath infection, the rate is 81.42%.