辽宁省人群患龋状况及趋势的抽样调查分析

The prevalence and trends of caries in Liaoning province

目的:调查辽宁省城乡不同年龄组人群患龋状况,探讨(1995～2005)10年间龋患特点及趋势。方法:采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样方法,按照WHO《口腔健康调查基本方法》(第4版)的要求,对全省5、12、35～44、65～74岁4个年龄组的人群进行患龋状况抽样调查,并应用SPSS12.0软件包中的t检验和χ2检验对(1995、2005)2次流行病学调查的龋均和患龋率进行比较分析。结果:5、12、35～44岁人群2005年患龋率分别为73.86%、30.05%和63.89%,均低于1995年的89.49%、59.19%和70.26%。但65～74岁组2005年患龋率为67.40%,与1995年无显著性差异。2次调查中,除5岁组外,城市人群恒牙患龋率和龋均远高于农村;而儿童乳牙呈现出不同的特点,即1995年城市患龋高于农村,2005年农村高于城市。结论:辽宁省各年龄组(除外老年人)人群的患龋率与10年前相比呈下降趋势,儿童乳牙龋患城乡呈现不同发展规律。加强口腔健康教育,推广适宜的牙防技术,是降低我省人群患龋状况的关键。

PURPOSE： The aim of this investigation was to analyse the dental caries prevalence, patterns and trends of all age groups in Liaoning province. METHODS： The representative samples were selected by multi-stage, stratified and random sampling, which included subjects aged 5,12,35-44 and 65-74 years. Clinical examination was based on WHO methodology （4th Ed）. Student＇s t test and Chi-square test were applied for statistical evaluation of the mean caries experience（ DMFY/dmft ） and the prevalence proportion rates of dental caries （ PP ） between 1995 and 2005 using SPSS 12.0 software package. RESULTS： At age 5,12,35-44, the PP was 73.86%,30.05% and 63.89% respectively,which was lower than in 1995, the number being 89.49%, 59.19% and 70.26%. However, at 65-74 years, the PP was 67.40% in 2005,and there was no significant difference compared with 1995. For the two national survey, the PP and DMFY were higher in urban than in rural area. But the dnfft in 5-year-old in urban was lower than in rural in 2005. CONCLUSIONS： The trend of dental caries in children and adults was declined in 2005, but it was still higher. It is essential to strengthen oral health education and promotion and continuously implement preventive oral care technique in Liaoning province. Supported by Research Fund of Bureau of Health of Liaoning Province （Grant No.2005[355]）.