首诊终末期肾病患者心理状况影响因素的研究

Investigation of influencing factors on psychological status in patients with firstly--diagnosed end--stage renal disease

目的探讨终末期肾病（ESRD）首诊患者的焦虑-抑郁水平及其影响因素。方法采用住院患者焦虑-抑郁评分系统（hospitalanxietyanddepressionscale,HADS）对137例首诊ESRD患者行2次评分,同时对研究对象进行一般资料的登记。结果肾外器官损害数、中年是首诊ESRD患者HADS指数的高危因素（P〈0.05）,性别因素与HADS指数无明显相关性。护理干预使HADS评分焦虑指数下降到（10.01±0.11）分,抑郁指数下降到（7.85±0.36）分;2者较入院时皆有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论首诊ESRD患者应常规评估焦虑-抑郁水平,有高危因素患者应立即进行护理干预,良好的护理心理疏导能显著改善首诊ESRD患者的焦虑-抑郁状态。

Objective To investigate the anxiety -- depression level in the patients with firstly-- diagnosed end--stage renal disease （ESRD） and its influencing factor. Methods We utilized the hospital anxiety and depression scale （HADS） to grade 137 patients who were recently diagnosed as ESRD twice, and collected the general material of the registrations at the same time. Results We found that the number of insulted organ （out--kidney） and the middle age were the risk factors to the HADS index （P 〈~ 0.05）, while sex had no obvious relevance to the HADS index. Furthermore, we found that nursing intervention could make the anxiety index drop to（10.01±0.11）, and make the depression index drop to （7.85±0.36）. The two indexes had statistical differences compared to those when just being admitted to hospital （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions It should be a routine to investigate the anxiety -- depression level in patients with firstly--diagnosed end--stage renal disease （ESRD）, and the nursing interventions should be given to palients who have a high score of HADS. The well-- trained nurses could remarkably im- prove the anxiety -- depression level in patients with firstly- diagnosed end- stage renal disease （ESRI））.