鼻咽癌放疗病人的住院健康教育

Nursing intervention as health education for hospitalized patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in radiotherapy

目的：探讨不同放疗期采取相应的、具体的、有计划的健康教育对放疗病人的影响。方法：将240例鼻咽癌病人分2组采用不同方式的健康教育,观察住院健康教育对鼻咽癌放疗病人的治疗护理的影响。结果：观察组和对照组病人及家属对医护人员满意度有差异,观察组病人及家属对医护人员满意度高于对照组。观察组和对照组病人及家属了解掌握肿瘤常识、饮食疗法、放疗野皮肤护理、减轻口腔黏膜反应和全身反应等知识和基本技能方面有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,观察组明显优于对照组。结论：实施系统计划的健康教育,密切了医患关系,提高了病人及家属对鼻咽癌相关知识和基本技能的了解和掌握,自觉采取健康的生活方式作为习惯和保健知识配合治疗护理,减轻放疗过程中的不良反应,保证放疗顺利完成,提高病人依从性,减少住院费用。

Objective To explore the influence of proportional, concrete and scheduled health education given in different stages of radiotherapy to the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who are in radiotherapy. Methods 240 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma received radiotherapy were divided into the observation group and the control group, for conducting the different methods of health education. The influence of health education of hospitalization on the treatment and nursing was observed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients received radiotherapy. Results There was a significant difference in the satisfaction degree of patients and their family members to staffs,and the satisfaction degree of the observation group was higher than that in the control group. There were significant differences in general knowledge of tumor, trophotherapy, skin nursing and oral mucosa reaction and systemic reaction （P 〈 0.05）. The curative effect of the observation group was higher than that of the control group. Conclusions Carrying out the systemic and scheduled health education can close the doctor--patient relationship, increase the general knowledge of nasopharyngeal carcinoma among the patients and their family members, and promote the patients and their family members to master the basic skills for fighting against the disease. It has benefits in self--consciously adopting the healthy life style as a habit, treating and nursing in combination with health knowledge, reducing the adverse reaction of radiotherapy, ensuring the successful completion of the radiotherapy, increasing the dependence and reducing the cost of hospitalization.