应用于染料敏化太阳电池的TiO2纳米复合电解质材料

TiO_2-P4VP Nanocomposite Electrolyte for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

研究了以凝胶电解质和无机纳米复合电解质取代液态电解质,在保持体系电导率的同时,增强对溶剂的保持能力,提高DSCs的稳定性。以自由基聚合法制备了聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)作为骨架,通过化学交联制备了具有三维网络结构的凝胶电解质体系,并与TiO2纳米粉末复合制备了有机-无机纳米复合电解质体系。利用FTIR、交流阻抗、差热分析等方法对纳米复合电解质体系进行了分析与表征。制备了纳米复合材料作为电解质的准固态染料敏化太阳电池,并测定了电池的光电性能。结果表明:化学交联法制备的凝胶电解质和纳米复合电解质均具有与液态电解质相当的电导率,而其对电解质溶剂的保持能力相对于液态电解质体系有所提高;复合电解质体系中的TiO2纳米颗粒既可以作为体系的骨架,又提高了体系的热稳定性。以纳米复合电解质制备的DSC光电转换效率达到了3.3%(1cm2有效面积,100mW/cm2光强)。

In this work we studied the substitution of gel electrolyte and nanocomposite electrolyte for liquid electrolyte, which could improve the stability of DSCs while preserve its ionic conductivity. Poly （4-vinylpyridine） was synthesized by radical polymerization and then Crosslinked by 1,4-dichlorobutane to form the gel electrolyte. TiO2 nanopowder was added to form the organic-inorganic nanocomposite electrolyte. The electrolytes were analyzed and characterized by FTIR, Impedance Spectroscopy, and TGA, etc. The photovoltaic characteristics of DSCs with different electrolytes were examined. The results showed that the gel electrolyte and the nanocomposite electrolyte had the comparable ionic conductivity with liquid electrolyte. TiO2 particles in nanocomposite electrolyte can improve its ability to retain the solvents. DSCs prepared with nanocomposite electrolyte had a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 3.3% （effective area： 1cm^2, light intensity： 100 mV/cm^2）.