特需护士多元文化护理认知与其个性特征的相关性研究

Study on the relativity of the characteristics of special medical department nurses and their cognition of multiculturalism nursing

目的探讨上海市特需护士个性心理特征及其与多元文化护理认知水平之间的相关性，寻找影响认知水平的因素，为提高认知水平提供依据。方法采用艾森克个性问卷（EPO）及自行设计多元文化护理调查问卷，对上海市11家综合性具有特需医疗服务的医院从事特需服务的202位护士在同一时间内进行调查，用统计学方法对数据进行统计及分析。结果特需护士EPQ中神经质、精神质、掩饰性因子均值在正常范围（P〉0．05），内外向因子偏高（P〈0．01）；护士多元文化护理认知与艾森克个性问无相关性（P〉0．05）；特需护士与非特需护士多元文化护理认知水平在知识理论、饮食文化及总体认知上均存在差异（P〈0．05）；2种护士每日学习时间存在差异（P〈0．01）。结论护理管理上对护士的学习时间应有一定的要求；同时应为培养护士情绪稳定、态度温和、善于自我控制及与人合作等良好个性营造特需工作氛围。

Objective To discuss the relativity between the characteristics of special medical department nurses and their cognitive level of multiculturalism nursing, find the factors that affect the cognitive level, and provide the evidence for raising the cognitive level. Methods Two hundred and two nurses working in special medical department from 11 general hospitals that provide special medical service in Shanghai were investigated at the same time by using EPQ and self- designed multiculturalism nursing care questionnaire （four dimensions）. The data were statistically analyzed. Results The average score of special medical department nurses for N, P, L element were all within normal range （P〉 0.05）, E element scores were higher （P 〈 0. 01） ; there iwas no relativity between nurses＇ cognition of multiculturalism nursing and the EPQ personality （P 〉 0.05） ; there were significant difference on the theory , dietetic culture, and general cognition of special medical department nurses and non- special medical department nurses （P 〈 0.01 ,P 〈 0.05 ,P 〈0. 01） ; there was difference on the time spent on daily learning between these two groups of nurses （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions On the aspect of nursing management, there must be a required period of time that spent on studying; at the same time, need to create special working environment for the nurses to build well characteristics for instance steady mood, gentle attitude, being good at self-control and cooperation, and etc.