住院患儿静脉采血首选部位及方法

The first time needling spot and method for vein blood collection of hospitalized children

目的探讨住院患儿静脉采血首选部位及方法对采血成功率的影响。方法对住院治疗首次采血的患儿1859例（新儿组173例，婴幼儿组1431例，3岁以上组255例），所采用的首选部位、方法和一次成功率进行比较。结果股静脉采血在新生儿组中首选率及一次成功率最高（84．1％，与头皮静脉组比较P〈0．05）；与颈外静脉组比较（P〉0．05），而在婴幼儿组中则为颈外静脉（97％，P〈0．001）。3岁以上组四肢静脉首选率及一次成功率略高于颈外静脉，但无统计学意义。结论住院患儿静脉采血一次成功率与首选采血部位、方法有关。

Objective To explore the first time needling spot and method for vein blood collection of hospitalized children and its influence to achievement ratio of needling. Methods 1859 hospitalized children patients received blood collection for the first time were recruited, who were divided into neonatus group（173 cases）, infant group （1431 cases） and above 3 years old group （255 cases）. The first needling spot, method and one time achievement ratio of needling were compared between groups. Results Thefrequency of blood collection for the first time and one time achievement ratio of needling from femoral vein were higher than from scalp vein in neonatus group （P〈0.05）, in infant group, that were higher from external jugular vein, the difference was significance. The frequency of Blood collection for the first time and one time achievement ratio of needling from limbs vein were higher than from external jugular vein in group above 3 years, but the result showed no significance. Conclusions One time achievement ratio of blood collection in hospitalized children patients is related to the first time needling spot and method.