原子设计材料科学与技术(Ⅰ)

Science and Technology of Atomically Engineered Materials(Ⅰ) *

科学实验技术的发展，使得人们有可能在原子尺度上人工合成材料，例如，原子团簇、团簇材料、线性链、多层异质结构、超薄膜等．这些材料的特征是维数低，对称性减小，几何特征显著．文章强调原子工程作为这些领域的交接点，重点讨论了原子设计材料的合成、表征和应用．考察了有限尺度和减少维数对这些材料的电磁、光和化学性质的影响和作用．从物理学、化学。

Recent advances in experimental techniques are enabling scientists to synthesize on an atomic scale artificial materials such as atomic clusters, cluster assemblies, linear chains, multilayers,heterostructures, ultrathin films, etc. These structures are characterized by low dimensionality, reduced symmetry and unique geometry. This paper will emphasize atomic engineering as the common link between them and discuss their synthesis, characterization, and applications. The effects of finite size and reduced dimensionality on their electronic, magnetic, optical and chemical properties will be highlighted. Contributions from physics, chemistry, materials science and chemical engineering will stress the interdisciplinary aspects of these emerging fields.