多发性硬化患者心理障碍及全程护理干预

Investigation on the mental disorders of multiple sclerosis patients and the whole-process nursing intervention

目的探讨多发性硬化患者心理健康状况及护理方法。方法利用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对70例多发性硬化患者（观察组）进行评定,并与国内常模比较。将70例患者随机分为对照组（n=42）和干预组（n=28）,对照组患者仅在住院期间接受护理干预,干预组患者接受6个月的全程护理干预（院内和院外）,干预前和干预后分别对2组进行SCL-90评定。结果受试患者躯体化、人际关系敏感、强迫症、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性6个因子得分明显增高,差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0.01）。全程护理干预能有效地改善多发性硬化患者发病后躯体化、抑郁、焦虑和精神病性SCL-90因子分（P〈0.05）。结论受试患者心理健康水平低于普通人群,建立良好的护患关系,加强全程护理干预有利于促进患者的治疗和康复。

Objective To explore the psych-health status of multiple sclerosis （MS） patients and the nursing methods for them. Methods Self-reporting inventory （SCL-90） were used to test 70 MS patients and the results were compared with those of native normal model. 70 patients were divided into the control group （n = 42） and the experiment group （n = 28） at random. Patients in the control group received nursing intervention only in hospital, but patients in the experiment group received six months of whole-process nursing intervention （in and out of hospital）. SCL-90 was used to test patients in the tWO groups before and after the intervention. Results The scores of the factors such as somatization, sensitivity of personal relationship, compulsion, depression, anxiety and insanity in SCL- 90 were obviously higher than those of native normal model, showing a significant difference （P 〈0.01）. Whole -process nursing intervention could effectively improve the scores of somatization, depression, anxiety and insanity in SCL-90 （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Most of the visitors have psychological problems or mental disorder. Establishing a good nurse-patient relationship and reinforcing a whole-process nursing intervention will be in favor of the therapy and rehabilitation for the MS patients.