尿毒症血透病人医院感染原因分析及预防措施

The cause analysis and prevention measures in nosocomial infections of ureic hemodialysis patients

目的了解尿毒症血透病人医院感染的现状、病种，分析危险因素，制定预防措施。方法对我院人工肾室1993年5月-2006年6月间收治的96例血透病人进行回顾性调查，对血透期间发生医院感染的病种及感染的诱发因素进行分析。结果尿毒症血透病人易发生医院感染的原因与尿毒症血透病人免疫功能、消毒隔离、家庭护理、自身状况、年龄、血透龄有关。结论加强人工肾室的环境监测、严格无菌操作，经常性的健康教育，可减少医院感染的发生，提高生活质量，延长生存期。

Objective To study the present situations, classifications of ureic hemodialysis patients so as to make prevention measures. Method We have made an investigation for ureic hemodialysis patients diagnosed from May 1990 to June 2006 in Artificial Kidney Room of our hospital. We analyzed the species of these infection cases which occurred during hemodialysis. We also studied different factors which may cause the infection. Result Factors which causes different infection not only include low-level body resistance and immunity function of ureic hemodialysis patients, but also involve operations from doctors and patients, nutrition, mental status, nursing from the family, patient＇s age and time for hemodialysis. Conclusion Strengthening environment monitoring in the artificial-kidney room is necessary. Doctors should perform asepsis operations strictly. Constant health lecture for the patients can be held to reduce the probability of nosocomial infections and raise the patients＇ life quality, extend their life-span.