四川农村贫困地区儿童膳食营养状况评价

Evaluation of Dietary Nutrients Status Among Rural Children in Sichuan Province

目的了解四川农村儿童膳食营养状况,为农村儿童营养干预提供依据。方法随机抽取四川省某县3个乡514名3～10岁农村儿童为研究对象,采用24h膳食回顾法和食物频率法进行膳食调查,并以中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)为标准,评价膳食能量和各营养素摄入状况。结果调查对象膳食以粮谷类、蔬菜水果类为主;能量达到80%RNI者占18.5%,碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的供能比分别为67.2%,20.4%和12.4%;蛋白质达到80%RNI者占11.7%,钙和铁摄入量达到80%AI值者分别为0.9%和36.2%。锌和视黄醇摄入量达到EAR值的儿童分别为12.4%和17.9%,铁和视黄醇均主要来源于植物性食物。结论四川农村儿童膳食结构不合理,能量和各种营养素摄入普遍不足。

Objective To investigate the status of dietary energy and nutrients intakes and to provide evidence for nutritional intervention among rural children. Methods By random sampling, 514 children aged 3 to 10 were selected from three countries of Sichuan Province. Dietary survey was performed with 24 - hour food recall and food frequency methods. The dietary data were. analyzed and evaluated by the Chinese DRIs in 2000. Results Dietary pattern for subjects mainly consisted of grains, vegetables and fruits. The ratio of energy intakes above the 80% RNI for subjects was 18.7%, and the energy ratio from carbohydrate, fat and protein were 67.2%, 20.4% and 12.4% respectively. The ratio of protein intakes above the 80% RNI for subjects were 12. 3%, and 32.6% of protein intake was from soybean and animal food. The ratio of persons above the 80% AI of calcium and Fe were 0.9% and 36.6% respectively, and that above EAR of zinc and retinol were 11.8% and 14.4% respectively. Iron and retinol were mainly from plant foods. Conclusion For the rural children of Sichuan Province, the dietary pattern is unreasonable and intakes of energy and nutrients are not enough.