K/N G(s)系统的可靠性仿真

Reliability Imitation Of K/N G(s) System

K／NG（s）系统由N个元件（或子系统）组成，其正常工作条件是至少有K个元件完好．该种系统有热备用和冷备用两种类型．热备用是指备用元件同工作元件一样都处于加载运行状态；而冷备用的备用元件则不被加载，只有当运行元件发生故障时，备用元件才顶替故障元件投入加载运行．当K＝N时，该系统为一串联系统；对于热备用系统，当K＝1时，该系统为一并联系统．许多系统，均以K／NG（s）为子系统，而且多为它的串、并联或混联系统．所以研究任意K／NG（s）系统的可靠性评估具有重要意义．在K／NG（s）系统元件的工作寿命τi和检修时间Ti均服从指数分布时，可以导出系统可靠性指标的一般性计算公式，故系统的可靠性评估可以通过计算解决；但在其元件的τi和Ti不全服从指数分布的条件下，很难导出系统可靠性指标的一般性计算公式，要想评估其可靠性，只有采用系统仿真方法.

K/N G(s) system consists of N elements (or sub-systems). The condition of the system runing normally is that at least K elements are undamaged. This system has two types: the hot-standby and the cold-standby. In the hot-standby system, both the standby and working elements run at the same time;But in the coldstandby system, the standby doesn't; it will be runing only when some of the working elements are damaged. When K=N, the K/N G(s) is a series system;and when K=1,a hot-standby K/N G(s) is a parallel one. Many systems are composed of K/N G(s) sub-systems, and most of them are series or parallel or series-parallel of the K/N G(s) sub-system. When the element's life-time τi and repair-time Ti obey index distribution, a common formula including element parameters can be deduced, and the reliability targets of K/N G(s) system can be abtained. But under the condition of nonindex distribution, no common formula can be obtained, the reliability targets of K/N G (s) system can only be achieved by imitation.