虾夷扇贝在浙江南麂列岛生长与生存的适温性研究

Temperature Tolerance Research of Scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis) in Nanji Island of Zhejiang Province in China

对虾夷扇贝在浙江南麂列岛海区的生长与生存适温性进行了研究分析。养殖方式为延绳式笼养,试验用贝平均壳高6.21 cm,平均体重为31.8 g。试验结果表明:最适生长水温范围17.1～20.3℃,第二适宜生长水温范围14.1～17.1℃。壳高日增长率(H)与水温(T)存在二次多项式关系H=-0.002 8 T2+0.102 5 T-0.788,R2=0.957 2,由此求得最适生长水温为18.6℃。耐温上限试验得死亡率(P)与水温(T)的关系为T=-0.000 3 P2+0.050 2 P+23.791,求得最高正常生活水温为23.8℃。连续3 d水温达25.0℃时,日死亡率为3.17%,累积死亡率为13.5%;连续3 d水温为25.5℃时,日死亡率为15.3%,累积死亡率为59.5%。该研究结果能为今后南方海区虾夷扇贝规模化商业性养殖提供重要参考。

This paper studied on water temperature affecting on scallop （Patinopecten yessoensis） growth and survival from March to July, 2003 in Naji Island, Zhejiang Province, China. Trial scallop was cultured in cages suspecting in water column fixed by extended ropes on the water surface. The initial shell thickness was 6.21 cm with an average weight of 31.8 g. The trial result indicated the optimum water temperature range for scallop growth was between 17.1-20.3 ℃, the next water temperature range for scallop growth and survival was between 14.1-17.1 ℃. The relationship between the daily growth rate of shell thickness （H） and water temperature （T） was： H=-0.002 8 T2＋0.102 5 /-0.788, R2=0.957 2 and obtain the optimum water temperature was 18.6 ℃. Water temperature tolerance trial obtain relationship between Mortality （P） and Water temperature （7） was： T=-0.000 3 P2＋0.050 2 P＋23.791. The highest water temperature to normal scallop growth was 23.8 ℃. Daily Mortality was 3.17% when water temperature reach 25.0 ℃ in 3 consecutive days and the total mortality was 13.5% during this temperature range. Daily Mortality was 15.3% when water temperature reached 25.5 ℃in 3 consecutive days and the total mortality was 59.5% during this temperature range. The result of the study may provide an important reference for large scale commercial scallop production in the south coastal area of China.