二十世纪五六十年代农民选择包产到户的社会心理分析

An Analysis of Social Psychology for the Peasants to Prefer Contracting Output Quotas to Households in the 1950s and 1960s

20世纪五六十年代,农民普遍倾心于土地包产到户。究其原因,除了良好的经济绩效外,这一制度还具备潜在的心理调节功能。具体地讲,在高度集中化的经营管理体制下,包产到户一方面矫正了合作化后特别是人民公社时期农民较为扭曲的社会心理;另一方面赋予了农民某种程度的"身心自由",起到了类似社会"减压器"的作用。

The peasants were generally dead set for contracting output quotas to households in the 1950s and 1960s. To get to the root of the matter, besides a good economic performance, the system had a potential function of psychological regulation. Specifically speaking, under the highly concentrated system contracting output quotas to households could rectify the distorted social psychology of the peasants in the wake of the cooperative movement, especially in the period of the people＇ s communes; on the other hand, it gave the peasants a certain degree of freedom of body and mind, functioning as a social ＂pressure reducer＂.