生态足迹研究方法在土地资源可持续利用评价中应用——以重庆市为例

Application of Ecological Footprint Theory in Evaluating Land Resource Sustainable Utilization——A Case Study of Chongqing Municipality

将生态足迹模型引入应用于分区土地可持续利用状况分析,并通过计算2004年重庆市三大经济区生态足迹并与重庆市域尺度生态足迹相比较,从生物量供需平衡、土地利用结构等方面定量分析重庆市土地可持续利用状况.计算结果表明:2004年重庆市域尺度生态赤字达到0.904 586 hm2.cap-1;分区域看,都市发达经济圈生态赤字达1.727 964 hm2.cap-1,渝西经济走廊生态赤字达到0.916 368 hm2.cap-1,三峡库区生态经济区生态赤字达到0.387 919 hm2.cap-1.不论是重庆市域尺度生态赤字还是分区生态赤字均显示人类对土地资源的利用已经超过了区域土地承载能力,必须对区域土地系统结构和功能进行调整,以提高重庆市土地资源可持续利用能力.

We apply ecological footprint model to assess the sustainable utilization of regional land resources. Through the calculation of ecological footprint of the three economic zones of Chongqing and the results of the comparison with the ecological footprint of Chongqing municipal scale, we quantitatively analyze the status of land resource sustainable utilization in Chongqing from the aspects of balance between supply and demand of biologic capacity and land use structure. The results of calculation show that the total ecological deficit on Chongqing municipal scale in 2004 was 0. 904 586 hm^2·cap^-1. The ecological deficit in the three major economic zones of the municipality in 2004 was 1. 727 964hm^2·cap^-1 for the Metropolitan Advanced Economic Sphere, 0. 916 368hm^2·cap^-1for the West Chongqing Economic Corridor and 0. 387 919hm^2·cap^-1 for the Three-Gorges Reservoir Area. All the above figures show that the exploitation of land resources by human beings has surpassed the carrying capacity of the regional land and that we must adjust the land structure and function for improving the land sustainable utilization in Chongqing.