岩静脉的临床应用解剖

Applied anatomy of petrosal vein and its clinical significance

目的:为临床脑桥小脑三角区的手术提供岩静脉的应用解剖学资料。方法:应用26例经10%甲醛充分固定并灌有乳胶的国人成人头颅湿标本,手术显微镜下解剖观察岩静脉的形态、行径及其与三叉神经的毗邻关系。结果:①岩静脉有1～3支,长度(2.9±2.0)mm,外径(2.3±1.0)mm;②岩静脉位于三叉神经根背外方者占92.5%,岩静脉与神经根的最短距离为(5.0±3.8)mm,最长距离为(7.1±4.1)mm,静脉对神经根有压迫的占15.4%;③岩静脉距横窦与乙状窦交角处的距离为(31.1±5.2)mm。结论:岩静脉解剖结构存在许多变异,与三叉神经根关系密切,变异的岩静脉可引起三叉神经痛,手术中应明确岩静脉解剖,避免并发症的发生。

Objective：To provide anatomical basis of petrosal vein for operation within cellelumpontine angle.Methods：The morphology,course and syntopy of petrosal vein were studied on 26 adult head specimens.Results：（1）The number of petrosal veins was between 1 and 3,（2.9±2.0） mm in length and （2.3±1.0） mm in diameter.（2）The petrosal vein was mostly（92.5%） dorsolateral to the trigeminal nerve root,15.4% of them compressed the nerve root.The distance between the vein and the nerve root renged from （5.0±3.8） mm to （7.1±4.1） mm. （3）The distance from the petrosal vein to the meeting point of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses was （31.1±5.2） mm.Conclusion：There were much variation in the structre of petrosal vein, The petrosal vein has a close relationship to the trigeminal nerve root,which might cause trigeminal neuralgia.