低氧运动对SD大鼠白细胞及其分类计数的影响

Influences of exercising with hypoxia on leucocyte and its subpopulations in SD rats

目的:观察低氧及运动对大鼠白细胞及其分类计数的影响。方法:实验于2005-03/05在广州体育学院运动生化省重点实验室进行。随机选择34只喜好运动,能在跑台上自觉跑步的SD大鼠数字表法随机分为常氧安静组、常氧运动组、低氧安静组、低氧运动组4组,常氧运动组在常氧状态下(氧的体积分数是0.209)进行25m/min的跑台训练,低氧运动组大鼠常压低氧环境(氧的体积分数是0.154,相当于2500m高度)下进行20m/min的跑台训练,训练时间均为1h/d,6d/周,持续4周。常氧安静组和低氧安静组分别在常氧和低氧环境中4周,不运动。4周后大鼠禁食12h,腹主动脉取血,采用德国Bayer公司的ADVIA120全自动血球分析仪测定血液中白细胞总数、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞、嗜酸细胞、嗜碱细胞计数。结果:34只大鼠全部进入结果分析。①白细胞总数和淋巴细胞各组间比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。②中性粒细胞计数:低氧安静组和低氧运动组低于常氧运动组[(0.15±0.05)×103,(0.14±0.10)×103,(0.35±0.39)×103L-1,P<0.05,0.01]。③单核细胞计数:低氧安静组和低氧运动组低于常氧安静组[(0.48±0.32)×103,(0.53±0.30)×103,(1.08±0.53)×103L-1,P<0.05,0.01]。④嗜酸细胞计数:常氧运动组、低氧安静组和低氧运动组低于常氧安静组[(0.008±0.009)×103,(0.007±0.008)×103,(0.013±0.009)×103,(0.047±0.029)×103L-1,P<0.01]。⑤嗜碱细胞计数:低氧安静组和低氧运动组低于常氧运动组[(0.007±0.005)×103,(0.006±0.005)×103,(0.018±0.015)×103L-1,P<0.05]。结论:长期的低氧适应能显著性降低运动大鼠中性粒细胞反应性,并显著性降低安静大鼠的单核细胞及嗜酸细胞数,造成机体部分非特异性免疫力有所下降。

AIM： To observe the effect of exercising with hypoxia on leucocyte and its subpopulations in rats. METHODS： The experiment was conducted in Provincial Key Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Physical Education from March to May 2005. Thirty-four male SD rats, which could run consciously, were randomly divided into four groups： sedentary normal-oxygen group, trained normal-oxygen group, sedentary hypoxia group, trained hypoxia group. The rats in the trained normal-oxygen group ran on treadmill at speed of 25 m/min in normal oxygen conditions with the volume fraction of 0.209, while the rats in the trained hypoxia group ran in hypoxia conditions with the volume fraction of 0.154 （correspond to 2 500 m height） at speed of 20 m/min for 1 hour per day, 6 days per week for 4 weeks. The rats in the sedentary normal-oxygen group and sedentary hypoxia group did not do exercise in the 4 weeks under the normal oxygen and hypoxia conditions, respectively. After four weeks, all rats were fasting for 12 hours, and blood was extracted from abdominal aorta. The number of leucocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, acidophil and basophil were determined with ADVIA120 hemocyte analysator made in Germany Bayer Corporation. RESULTS： Totally 34 rats were involved in the result analysis. ①The numbers of leucocyte and lymphocyte had no differences in four groups （P 〉 0.05）. ②Counting of neutrophil： It was lower in the sedentary hypoxia group and trained hypoxia group than the trained normal-oxygen group [（0.15±0.05）×10^3,（0.14±0.10）×10^3,（0.35±0.39）×10^3 L^-1,P 〈 0.05, 0.01]. ③Counting of monocyte： It was lower in the sedentary hypoxia group and trained hypoxia group than the sedentary normal-oxygen group [（0.48±0.32）×10^3,（0.53±0.30）×10^3,（1.08±0.53）×10^3 L^-1,P 〈 0.05,0.01]. ④Counting of acidophil： It was lower in the trained normal-oxygen group, sedentary hypoxia group and trained hypoxia group than the sedentary normal-oxygen group [（0.008±0.009）×10^3,（0.007±0.008）×10^3,（0.013±0.009）×10^3,（0.047±0.029）×10^3 L^-1,P〈 00.01]. ⑤Counting of basophil： It was lower in the sedentary hypoxia group and trained hypoxia group than the trained normal-oxygen group [（0.007±0.005）×10^3,（0.006±0.005）×10^3,（0.018±0.015）×10^3 L^-1,P〈 0.05]. CONCLUSION： The long-time hypoxic adaptation can decrease the neutrophil reactions of trained rats and the numbers of monocyte and acidophil of sedentary rats remarkably, and lead to the reduction of nonspecific immunity function of partial body.