殷周文化传统与先秦儒家圣人内涵的政治维度

The Cultural Tradition of Yin and Zhou Dynasty and the Political Dimension of the Sage of Confucianism in Pre-Qin Age

先秦儒家圣人具有德业并重的特点,其内涵除了具有伦理维度外,也有政治维度。殷周文化传统的影响是先秦儒家圣人内涵政治维度得以形成的重要原因。先秦儒家圣人的则天、知天与殷代巫文化传统的通天有关,先秦儒家圣人作为人伦之至与周代的德文化传统有关。殷周文化传统的影响,对于先秦儒家圣人成为从天下无道向天下有道转变的秩序建构主体至关重要。探讨殷周文化传统对于先秦儒家圣人观的影响,有助于我们把握先秦儒家关注社会现实、以天下为己任的救世情怀和致思路向,从而在整体上深化对于儒家思想在中国传统社会中的功能、作用和地位的认识。

Thanks to its emphasis both on virtue and worldly achievement, the Sage of Confucianism in Pre-Qin Age holds a political dimension as well as an ethic one. One of the main causes of the political dimension is the influence of the cultural tradition of Yin and Zhou Dynasty, the discussion of which will help us understand Confucianism in Pre- Qin well, including its concern for social reality and its role in traditional Chinese society. The Sage of Confucianism was required to understand and follow the Heaven, which was connected with the witch culture in Yin Dynasty to know the Heaven; and the Sage of Confucianism as the ultimate mode of human could be traced back to the virtue culture in Zhou Dynasty. In addition, both the witch culture in Yin Dynasty and the virtue culture in Zhou Dynasty relate to the construction of social order, which consequently brings a political dimension to the Sage of Confucianism.