黎萨尔与菲律宾现代政治变革模式的形成

Rizal's Political Ideas and the Formation of Philippines Modern Political Transformation Model

何塞.黎萨尔被认为是菲律宾"国家和个人生活的基石"。在有关黎萨尔的研究中,黎萨尔与菲律宾政治变革的途径,即经由"改革"还是"革命"来达致国家的独立、获取全民的"福利",是争论不休的一个关键问题。从黎萨尔的著作来看,黎萨尔倾向于经由菲律宾政治精英在殖民政府内部对现有不合理的旧制度进行一场彻底的、激进的"好改革"来实现菲律宾的独立和民主。如果这一条道路走不通,那么,"暴力革命"将是最后的手段。黎萨尔所强调的"精英化的好改革"的政治思想,经由美国殖民政府的渲染,最终构成为菲律宾现代政治变革的基本模式——旧框架内的和平革命。

The Philippines regard Rizal as the keystone of the country and her people. The topic on Rizal and the approach of the Philippines political transformation is still an argumentative question. By reading the literatures of Rizal, the author will prove that Rizal had designed a political transformation road for Philippines, he wanted to change the old and unreasoned political system through a complete and radical ＂ good reform＂ by the elite in the old political structure, if not, he would pursue ＂ a violent revolution＂. From the era of American colonial government to 1970s, this road has become the basic model of the Philippines political transformation.