平顶山市儿童血脂水平及影响因素的研究

Observation on factors influencing the level of blood lipids in children of Pingdingshan City

目的探讨影响城市儿童血脂异常变化的因素，为从儿童期开始进行心脑血管病的早期预防提供基础资料。方法采用整群抽样方法对平顶山市城区257名9～16岁儿童（男123人，女134人）的血压、身高、体重进行测量，并采空腹静脉血测定总胆固醇（TC），甘油三脂（TG），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）。通过问卷获得儿童的饮食习惯，生活方式，家族史等影响因素资料。结果TC、TG、LDL—C、HDL—C水平（x^-±s）依次为3．51±0．77、0．96±0．32、1．76±0.62、1．15±0.24（单位均为mmol／L）。BMI、体脂含量、腰臀比、心血管病家族史因素均对儿童血脂谱水平有较大影响；多因素分析表明，Tc、TG、LDL—C与BMI、体脂含量呈正相关；而HDL—C与BMI、收缩压及腰臀比呈负相关。结论BMI、体脂含量、腰臀比、心血管病家族史因素均对儿童血脂谱水平有较大影响；控制儿童血脂异常及消除不良因素，将有助于消除儿童心血管疾病的危险因素从而有效的防止儿童心血管疾病的发生。

Objective To explore the factors influencing blood lipids in urban schoolchildren. Methods There 257 schoolchildren aged 9 - 16 were randomly chosen in Pingdingshan City by multi - stage sampling. Blood pressure was measured. Fasting blood was collected to determine its total cholesterol （TC）, triglyeeride （TG）, high - density lipoprotein high - density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL - C）, low - density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL - C）. The dietary status, behavior, sports - time and family history of the children were obtained. Results The blood concentrations （retool/L） of total cholesterol（TC）, triglyeeride （TG）, high- density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL- C）, low - density lipoprotein cholesterol（ LDL- C） were 3.51 ± 0.77,0,96 ± 0. 32,1.76± 0.62,1.15 ± 0.24. The body mass index（BMI）. Blood lipids was influenced by fat of body, waist - hip ratio,family history of blood lipid disease. Multiple regression analysis showed that the levels of total cholesterol （TC）, triglyeeride（TG）, and low - density lipoprotein eholesterol（LDL- C） were positively correlated with body mass index（BMI） and the fat of body; but the level of high- density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL- C） was negatively correlated with body mass index（BMI） and waist- hip ratio. Conclusion The factors of body mass index（BMI）, the＇fat of body, waist- hip ratio, family history of blood lipids disease greatly influence blood lipids. Thus measures be taken to control abnomal blood lipids in children for prevention of cardiovascular disease at early stage.