经济转型中农户非正规收入风险处理机制的变迁

Change in the Mechanism to Cope with Risk for Peasants in the Economic Transition

农户不仅追求收入的提高,而且要避免收入波动的风险。在正规风险规避机制缺失的情况下,农户在长期的实践中已经发展出一些非正规机制来处理风险。经济转型过程中的体制变化和结构变化使农村的社会经济面貌发生了巨大变化,导致了农户各种非正规风险处理机制的变化。目前,农户不得不在很大程度上依靠事前的收入平滑机制来处理风险,有时甚至被迫承受风险所带来的不利后果,这会同时在效率和公平方面带来消极后果。

The households in rural region try not only to increase income, but also stabilize income. Without formal mechanisms to manage risk, the peasants have developed many informal mechanisms to cope with risk. In the process of transition, the state of economy and society has greatly changed, which caused the changing of the peasants＇ action to cope with risk. At present, the peasants have to cope with risk depending on ex ante income- smoothing mechanisms, and sometimes have to face risk directly. This situation would cause negative effect in efficiency and equity.