食管癌支架置入患者生存质量调查分析

目的了解食管癌支架置入患者生存质量（QOL）状况及影响因素，并对相关因素进行分析。方法2005年1月～2007年1月应用世界卫生组织QOL测定简表（WHOQOL—BREF）调查48例食管癌支架置入患者入院时、出院前QOL及其影响因素，并与40例健康正常人进行比较。结果食管癌支架置入患者入院时、出院前QOL均比正常人低，多种因素如躯体舒适状况、健康状况、有消极感受、无安全感等影响患者QOL；QOL得分高低与患者年龄、家庭婚姻状况、知道病情、疾病进展程度、症状体验、治疗效果、负性心理、社会支持等因素相关。结论食管癌支架置入患者QOL得分低，多种因素影响患者QOL，护理人员应针对原因，采取心理干预，减轻患者的痛苦，满足其生理需求，提高患者的社会支持利用度及建立随访制度等综合对策，以便提高患者的QOL。

Objective To observe the quality of life in advanced esophageal carcinoma patients with implanted stents and analyze those influencing factors. Methods Cross-sectional survey method and the Brief Version of WHO Quality of Life were used to investigate QOL among 48 advanced esophageal carcinoma patients with implanted stents, with the results compared to those of 40 normal subjects at admission and before discharge. Meanwhile, physiological characteristics and related data were collected to determine QOL condition as well as related influencing factors. Results The quality of life in advanced esophageal carcinoma patients with implanted stents was lower than normal controls both at admission and before discharge. Multiple factors were found to affect their QOL, including body comforts, health condition, passive feelings, and no feeling of safety. The scores were related to their age, marriage condition, knowledge about disease, process of the disease, symptom experiencing, therapeutic effect, negative mentality, and social support. Conclusion Multiple factors attribute to the low scores of QOL in advanced esophageal carcinoma patients with implanted stents. Nurses should take mental intervention to relieve their pains, satisfy their physical needs, improve the use of social support and establish follow-up regulations to improve patients＇ QOL.