具有重要生物学意义的重金属及过渡金属离子荧光分子探针

Fluorescent Molecular Sensors for Heavy and Transition Metallic Cations with Biological Interests

过渡金属及重金属广泛地存在于自然界中,其中的一些元素(如铜、锌等)在生命过程中具有非常重要的功能,而另外一些元素(如铅、汞、镉等)则在很低浓度时就对生物体具有极强的毒性。本文简要介绍了金属离子荧光探针的设计原理,并综述了近5年来具有重要生物学意义的重金属及过渡金属离子Pb2+、Hg2+、Cd2+、Cu2+、Cu+、Zn2+荧光分子探针的设计合成、性能及其在活细胞中应用研究的最新进展。

Heavy and transition metallic ions exist widely in the nature. Some of them （such as copper and zinc） play important roles in the living system, and others （such as mercury, lead and cadmium） have high toxicity to the living plants and animals even in the low concentration. This review summarizes the main design principles of the fluorescent sensors for the metallic ions and the progress of the fluorescent molecular sensors for heavy and transition metallic cations with biological interests, especially their design, synthesis, performance and the applications in the living cells.