钦州市5岁以下儿童死亡6年变化趋势分析

The Analysis of Qinzhou 6-year-tendency of the Children’s Death Under 5-year-old

目的掌握钦州市5岁以下儿童死亡水平及死因分布。方法对1999—2004年钦州市5岁以下儿童死亡监测逐级上报资料进行严格质量检查、统计学处理与分析。结果钦州市2004年5岁以下儿童死亡率为18.63‰、婴儿死亡率为14.80‰、新生儿死亡率为11.50‰,6年间呈逐年下降趋势,2004年比1999年分别下降了38.56%、42.25%、46.16%,其中婴儿死亡占死亡儿童总数的80.51%,死亡原因和死亡地点、死前接受医疗保健服务情况均发生了变化。结论广泛开展孕期保健知识宣教,重视产前检查,加强孕产妇及儿童系统保健管理,提高住院分娩率,健全"绿色通道",提高基层卫生人员对危重症的识别与抢救能力,是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。

OBJECTIVE To know the death level and the reason of the children under 5 years old in Qinzhou. METHODS Test strictly the quality of the supervising and measuring the under 5 years old children’s death from 1999 to 2004 in Qinzhou. And deal with it by statistics and analyse them. RESULTS The mortality of the children under 5 in Qinzhou is 18.63‰,and that of the infant and the new-born-baby are 14.48‰ and 11.50‰. The mortality of them is in decreasing trend year by year in the 6 years. Compare with that in 1999,they reduce of 38.56%,42.25%,46.16%. The infant mortality get high 80.51% in children death. However,the death reason,death place,the medical treatment and health care received before they died got obvious changes. CONCLUSION The key to reduce the mortality of the under 5-year-old children are： First of all,develop the education of the pregnant period health care knowledge extensively,attach importance to the health exam before the baby born. Secondly,enhance the system health care management of the pregnant women and the children. And increase the hospitalization born level,perfect the ＂Green way＂. Thirdly,improve the basic level hygene workers’distinguish ability of the serious illnesses and their rescue ability.