不同分娩方式对乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的影响

Influence of the Different Labor types to the HBV Mother-to-infant Transmission

目的研究乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性产妇自然分娩和剖宫产,对HBV母婴传播的影响。方法在甘肃省和浙江省宁波市选择1997～2002年孕期或住院分娩时检测HBsAg阳性的母亲及其儿童319对,采取回顾性调查方法,用固相放射免疫法进行血清学检测,比较自然分娩和剖宫产对儿童HBV感染的影响。结果319名儿童中自然分娩233人,HBsAg阳性47人,阳性率20.17%;剖宫产86人,HBsAg阳性9人,阳性率10.47%。母亲在双阳性[HBsAg、乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)均阳性]或单阳性(HBsAg阳性、HBsAg阴性)情况下,自然分娩和剖宫产儿童HBsAg阳性率的差异均无显著的统计学意义(Fisher精确概率法P=1.000;χ2=3.387,P>0.05)。结论不同分娩方式对HBV母婴传播无影响。

Objective To study the effects of the different labor types of HBsAg positive mother on the hepatitis B virus（HBV）vertical transmission. Methods During 1997-2002 in Gansu Province and Ningbo City, 319 pairs of HBsAg positive mothers who were examined HBsAg when they were pregnaucy or delivering in hospitals. The information about HBV retrospectively and their HBV markers by the solid-phase radio immunoassay（SPRIA） were surveyed . The HBsAg positive rate of children and the effects of natural labor and caesarean section on HBV mother-to-infant transmission were compared and evaluated. Results Among the 233 nature labored children, 47 cases were HBsAg positive （positive rate was 20.17%）. Among the 86 caesarean section children, 9 cases were HBsAg positive（positive rate was 10. 47%）. Whether the mother with both HBsAg and HBeAg positive or only the HBsAg positive, no statistic difference has been showh on the HBsAg positive rate between the children with different childbearing types（Fisher P=1. 000; χ^2= 3. 387, P〉0. 05）. Conclusions The difference labor types had no effects on HBV mother-to-infant transmission.