中国西部地区不同出生地点新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗首针及时接种情况分析

Analysis on Timely Birth Dose Coverage Among Infant Born in Different Places in Western Provinces of China

目的分析和评价中国西部地区不同出生地点新生儿乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗首针(HepB1)及时接种情况,改善HepB1及时接种的薄弱环节。方法从西部11个省(自治区、直辖市,下同,未包括西藏自治区)、设区的市(地区、州、盟,下同)、县(市、旗,下同)、乡(镇、苏木,下同)级各抽取1所省级医院,2所市级医院,2所县级医院,4所乡级医院,分析各级医院出生新生儿HepB1接种情况,同时与在家中出生新生儿接种情况进行对比。结果中国西部地区在医院出生新生儿HepB1接种率平均>90%,在家出生新生儿HepB1接种率约为50%。结论随着产妇住院分娩率的提高,在医院出生新生儿的HepB1及时接种率达到了很高的覆盖率,今后应制定对策,提高在家出生新生儿的HepB1接种率。

Objective To analyze the immunization coverage among infants born in different birthplaces to define the weakness of the vaccination. Methods Among 11 investigated provinces in western areas,1 provincial,2 prefecture＇s,2 county＇s and 4 township＇s hospitals were seteeted respectively in each province, immunization information was compiled by the trained staffs, timely birth dose coverage was analyzed for infants born in hospitals and compared with infants born at home. Results The timely birth dose coverage was high among infants born at hospitals, 90% and above,but 50% for infants born at home. Conclusion As the increased pregnant women hospital delivery rate, timely birth dose coverage is increasing among infants born at hospitals. In order to improve the timely birth dose among infants born at home, specific strategy should be developed.