老年人高血压与认知功能得分的关系

Hypertension and Cognitive Function in Elderly

目的了解贵阳市社区60岁及以上老年人高血压与认知功能得分的关系。方法采用多级整群抽样,通过问卷询问和体格检查相结合,对贵阳市城区3229名60岁及以上老人进行调查,收集相关资料,检测血压,用简易精神状况检查表(MMSE)进行认知功能检查。资料统计方法采用t检验或单因素方差分析(ANOVA)以及多元线性回归。结果高血压组患者MMSE得分为(25.7±4.2)分,正常血压组为(26.3±3.6)分,差异有统计学意义(t=3.92,P<0.01)。按不同血压程度分组分析,随着收缩压及(或)舒张压的增高,MMSE得分逐渐降低。脉压越大,MMSE得分就越低。服用抗高血压药物的高血压患者MMSE得分明显高于未服用抗高血压药物的高血压患者。高血压病程<15年者的MMSE得分显著高于>15年者。结论高血压、高脉压、未治疗的高血压及较长的高血压病程均与老年人认知功能得分降低关系密切。对高血压进行有效干预,可能有助于降低老年人认知功能减退的发生危险。

Objective To investigate the relationship between hypertension and cognitive function in community-based elderly people aged 60 and over in Guiyang city.Methods By using multistage sampling technique,general conditions and healthy status were surveyed in 3229 old individuals aged ≥60 years.Blood pressure and the mini-mental state examination（MMSE）were measured.Results Hypertensive subjects had MMSE score 25.7±4.2 lower than that 26.3±3.6 in normotensive subjects（t=3.92,P〈0.01）.MMSE score was decreased with increasing blood pressure level,especially in whom with high pulse pressure.Treated hypertensive subjects had higher MMSE score than untreated hypertensive subjects.MMSE score declined with the increasing duration of hypertension.Conclusion The declined MMSE score was closely associated with hypertension,high pulse pressure,untreated hypertension,and longer duration of hypertension history.Prevention and control of hypertension might be helpful in slowing down impairment of cognitive function in old people.