城市商业银行持续发展的内外部制约因素解读

Analysis of Inside and Exterior Restrictive Factors in the City Commercial Bank's Sustainable Development

较弱的自身实力和非完全市场化的外部环境,是城市商业银行发展面临的内外部制约因素。其中,内部制约因素表现为:有效资本补充机制缺失;处置不良资产手段有限;金融创新能力弱,赢利来源单一;信息化不均衡,整体水平不高;金融人才缺乏,风险管理水平低下;管理体制不协调,治理结构不健全;市场定位不明确,发展方向模糊。外部制约因素表现为:加息呼声高涨,经营压力骤升;人民币频频升值,外汇流动性风险凸显;利率逐步市场化,利率风险放大;资本市场日益繁荣,资金与客户分流加剧;区域经济不平衡,行业两极化严重;整体规模偏小,抗风险能力不强;金融政策不平等,发展后继乏力;外资银行涌入,市场份额下滑;银行业改革深入,行业竞争激烈。文末,分别从城市商业银行、中央主管部门、地方政府与中小企业四个层面给出简要对策。

The weak self - strength and non - marketing exterior environment are two restrictive factors in the city commercial bank＇ s development. Thereinto, the inside restrictive factors are following： the lack of efficient capital replenishment system; the finite method of disposing ill capital; the weak financial innovation and simplex profit source; the disequilibrium of informationization and low total level; the sort of financial talents and low level of risk management; the disharmonious management system and non -perfect corporate governance ; the ambiguous market positioning and development trend. The exterior restrictive factors are following： the rate hike increases operational pressure; the RMB appreciation adds exchange liquidity risk; the marketization of interest rate enlarge interest rate; the development of capital market leads to capital and client diversion; the imbalance regional economy causes bank polarization; the small total scale induces weak risk resistance capacity; the inequality financial policy hinds bank＇sdevelopment; the swarming foreign capital bank and deepening banking reform make competition fierce. Finally, we give out the countermeasures respectively from angle of city commercial bank, central government, local government and small and medium enterprises.