顶层结构及篇章的理解与记忆

Top-level Structure and Its Influence on the Comprehension and Retention of Expository Texts

论说文的不同顶层结构对不同文化背景的阅读者产生不同的影响,不同的论说文结构(紧凑型和松散型)对不同的学习者(善于阅读者和不善阅读者)也有不同的影响。语言能力在初次阅读理解上起着重要作用,而文章顶层结构在帮助读者保持阅读信息方面有更大的作用,即大学生读者依靠其语言能力来理解文章,并运用文章顶层结构知识帮助他们再现所获得的信息。

The paper focuses on a 2×2 design research which is intended to test the effects of two types of expository text structures （one well-organized and the other loosely-organized） on the reading comprehension and retention of the two language groups. The results showed no clear difference in comprehension between the text types in the immediate recall. However Chi- nese English learners did make more use of their structure knowledge in retrieval and production of their reading passages than in the first time comprehension. Results also indicated that language proficiency is an important factor influencing Chinese read- ers＇ reading comprehension and that well-organized text structure does not influence Chinese readers as much as readers from other cultural backgrounds.