常熟市出生缺陷监测及中期妊娠胎儿体表畸形筛查

Surveillance of birth defects and screening of fetal external malformations during mid-pregnancy in ChangShu

目的了解妊娠中期超声筛查胎儿体表畸形对降低出生缺陷发生率的作用。方法采取回顾性调查方法,对2003～2005年在市级3家医院做超声筛查的孕20～24周的胎儿进行筛查情况分析。结果3年来共完成中期妊娠筛查18155例,筛查出先天缺陷85例,占全年出生缺陷的32.82%(85/259),诊断符合率99.93%(18143/18155),漏诊率为8.60%(8/93)。筛查出前4位缺陷分别为神经管畸形、唇腭裂、泌尿系统畸形、脑积水。结论中期妊娠超声筛查胎儿体表畸形对降低新生儿出生缺陷率、围生儿死亡率有重要作用。

Objective to investigate the prevalence of birth defects and the status of the external malformation screening in Changshu city. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data on the pregnant women who were screened by ultrasonography during 20 and 24 gestational weeks in three hospitals between 2003 and 2005. Results A total of 18 155 of pregnant women were screened during three years. 85 cases of birth defects were identified, accounting for 32. 82 % （85/259） of all birth defects. The consistency rate of diagnosis was 99.93 % （ 18 143/18 155）. The rate of missing report was 8.60 % （8/93）. The top -4 birth defects were neural tube defects, cleft lip or palate, urological birth defects, and hydrocephaly. Conclusion Ultrasonography screening was effective in reducing the birth defects prevalence and perinatal death rate.