中国北方水稻与无芒稗化感作用研究

Study on Allelopathy in Rice with Barnyardgrassin Northern China

为了探寻中国北方栽培稻种资源是否对稗草具有化感作用,用改进的差时播种共培法对中国北方常见的37份水稻栽培品种与稗草(无芒稗)进行了室内幼苗化感作用初步评价。试验结果表明:北方栽培稻中存在对稗草具有较强化感作用的资源,与对照相比,各参试水稻品种对稗草幼苗的株高、根长、植株干重、根干重化感作用差异很大。其中1046,屉优35,TA/C4115,沈农315,TA/C418等品种对稗草幼苗具有较强的化感抑制作用;265-11,高优8等对稗草幼苗基本无化感作用;而265,265-2等对稗草幼苗具有促进作用。同时发现多数水稻品种对稗草根长抑制率高于对株高抑制率,对根干重抑制率高于株干重抑制率。

Thirty-seven rice varieties from northern China were identified for allelopathy to barnyardgrass（Echinochloa crusgalli by using the relay seeding technique with slight modification for seeking rice germplas with allelopathy. Results showed that the rice variety had great difference in plant height, root growth, and dry weight to barnyardgrass. 1046, Tiyou35, TA/C4115, Shennong315, TA/C418 had strong allelophathic inhibitition effect; 265-11, Gaoyou8 had no allelophathic effect to barnyardgrass; 265, 265-2 had promoting effect. Many rice varieties had higher inhibitory rate on the root growth of barnyardgrass than plant growth with higher inhibitory rate on root dry weigh than the plant dry weight.