不同钾营养型大豆主要形态、生理及产量指标的研究

Morphological and Physiological Characters,and Yield of Different Potassium Efficient Soybean Varieties

为研究大豆的形态及产量指标和对低钾耐性间的关系,以4种不同的钾营养型大豆品种(系)为材料,采用盆栽试验的方法,对主要形态生理及产量指标进行测定。结果表明:在低钾和对照条件下,高产敏感型和低产敏感型的两个品种(系)在株高、叶面积、单株荚数、单株产量及叶绿素含量等方面存在着显著差异,顺序为叶面积>株高>单株荚数>单株产量;在主茎节数、百粒重等方面无显著差异;高产不敏感型和低产不敏感型的两个品种(系),在各方面的差异均未达到显著水平;在各农艺性状中,叶面积与耐性系数间的相关性最为密切;叶片黄化程度较能直接的反映出植株的缺钾程度。

Four typical varieties （lines） of soybean with different potassium efficiency were pot-grown to study the differences of main morphological and physiological characters. The results showed that there were significant differences in plant height （PH）, leaves area （LA）, pods per plant （PP）, yield per plant （YP） and chlorophyll contents between HYHS （High yield under normal potassium treatment, but decreases significantly under low potassium treatment） and LYHS （Relatively low yield under normal potassium treatment, but decreases significantly under low potassium treatment）, The significances were LA〉PH〉PP〉YP, There were insignificant differences in the number of nodes, seed size. There were insignificant differences in the morphological and physiological characters between HYLS （High yield under normal potassium treatment, and decreases slightly under low potassium treatment） LYLS （Relatively low yield under normal potassium treatment, and decreases slightly under low potassium treatment）, There were no significant correlations between LA and resistant coefficient, The etiolated degrees of leaves could directly response to the level of potassium deficiency in soybean plants,