健康教育在^(131)I治疗甲亢中的价值探讨

Value of Health Education in ^(131)I Treatment for Hyperthyroidism

目的探讨健康教育在131I治疗甲亢患者过程中的重要性。方法350例Graves病患者在131I治疗前、治疗中、治疗后由医护人员进行系统的健康教育,统计治疗前、后问卷调查结果;治疗6个月后复查,与本科室过去未行系统健康教育的350例131I治疗患者1次治愈率进行比较,1年后随访进行甲低发生率比较。结果健康教育后1次治愈率为90%,显著高于未行健康教育的81%(P<0.01),1年后甲低发生率为10%,显著低于未行健康教育的18%(P<0.01);对疾病的认识由健康教育前的13.4%上升为健康教育后的92.5%;对治疗感到恐惧和疑虑由健康教育前的82%降至健康教育后的6.5%;对疾病能治愈的信心由健康教育前的45%上升为健康教育后的93.6%。结论健康教育在131I治疗Graves病中能提高病人对疾病的认识,同时也增进了医、护、患之间的友好交流,赢得了患者及家属最大限度的支持与配合,由此提高了131I治疗甲亢病的疗效,减少甲低的发生率。

Objective To explore the significance of health education in ^131I treatment for hyperthyroidism. Methods Three hundrcd and fifty patients with Graves disease were questioned and investigated before and after ^131I treatment, and were educated by staff during therapy and pre-and post-treatment. They were rechecked six months later and one year later. Compared with another 350 patients previously treated by ^131I who had nevcr accepted heahh education in our division, the one-time cure rate was studied. Results The one-time cure rate was 90% after education, significantly higher than that of the uncdueatcd （P 〈0.01 ）. The incidence rate of thyroid hypofunction was 10% , significantly lower than that of the anedueatcd （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The cognition rate to the disease was 92.5% after education and the counterpart was 13.4% before education. The tear arid anxiety rate was cut down to 6.5% while it was up to 82% before education. The diseasc cure confidence went up to 93.6%. Conclusion Health education could raise the cognition to Graves disease with ^131I treatment, promote the fricndly eommunication among doctors, nurscs and paticuts, gain the support and the cooperation from the sufferers and their families, and elevate the cure rate of hyperthyroidism arid decrease incidence rate of thyroid hypofunction.