论刑法中的“包庇”

The Statement of "Shielding" in Criminal Law

对刑法中"包庇"的整体性研究,包括三方面的内容:"包庇"的主体、"包庇"的对象和"包庇"的行为。"包庇"的主体,从解释论的角度看,只有在特定情况下才可以包括被包庇者本人,从立法论的角度看,应当包括"单位"。"包庇"的对象,各个犯罪的要求有所不同,既可能是一般意义上"犯罪的人",也可能是特定的违法犯罪分子。"包庇"的行为,在具体罪名中的表现形式存在差异,但都是以作为的方式帮助违法犯罪人逃避刑事处罚,既不同于"纵容",也有别于"知情不报"。

To wholly study ＂shielding＂ in Criminal Law,we should consider three aspects： the subject of ＂shielding＂, the target of ＂shielding＂ and the act of ＂shielding＂. Based on the stipulation of Criminal Law,the subject of ＂shielding＂ can be the one who is shielded. To realize the perfection of Criminal Law,we should prescribe ＂unit＂ as the subject of ＂shielding＂. Different crimes have different requirement on the target of ＂shielding＂ ,some are ＂criminals＂ in the general meaning,some are particular law-breakers or criminals. The act of ＂shielding＂ is to help the law-breakers or criminals escaping from punishment, but it has different meaning in specific crimes. The act of ＂shielding＂ is not only different from ＂conniving＂, but also different from ＂knowing the facts but not to report＂.