原始红松林与天然次生林潜在蒸发散对比

Comparison of Potential Evapotranspiration in Primary Forest and Natural Secondary Forest of Korean Pine

利用FAO-56推荐的彭曼-蒙特斯公式对比研究了帽儿山天然次生林(22a)和凉水国家自然保护区原始红松林(27a)的潜在蒸发散变化特征。结果表明:天然次生林和原始红松林各年潜在蒸发散具有明显的月季变化规律,第二和第三季度潜在蒸发散之和分别占全年总量的78%～87%、76%～84%。原始红松林多年潜在蒸发散的变化为上升趋势,年日照时数、年降水量、年均温和年蒸发量显著影响该地区潜在蒸发散。天然次生林潜在蒸发散呈下降趋势,显著影响潜在蒸发散的气象因子为年日照时数和年均相对湿度。主要气象因子对天然次生林和原始红松林潜在蒸发散变异贡献率分别为92%、64%。

The changing characteristics of potential evapotranspiration were studied in natural secondary Korean pine forest （22- year-old） in Maoershan Experimental Forest Farm and primary Korean pine forest （27-year-old） in Liangshui Nature Reserve by Penman-Monteith formula. Resuhs indicate that the monthly potential evapotranspiration for both the natural secondary forest and the primary forest shows mono-peak pattern, and the potential evapotranspiration in the second and the third quarter were 78% - 87% and 76% -84% of the annual evapotranspiration, respectively. An increasing tendency of the average potential evapotranspiration for five years was found in primary Korean pine forest, and annual sunshine hours, annual precipitation, annual average temperature, annual evaporation significantly influence the potential evapotranspiration in this area. While the potential evapotranspiration in natural secondary forest exhibits a decreasing tendency, and annual sunshine hours and annual average relative humidity are the main factors. The contribution ratios of the main meteorological factors to the variation of potential evapotranspiration are 92% and 64% for natural secondary forest and primary forest of Korean pine, respectively.