临床干预结局评估指标的分类及效应表达

Clinical outcome assessment and the effect measure

临床干预措施作用于人体引起的变化是多层次、多方位的,涉及人体生理、心理、社会功能以及周围资源环境等多个方面,因此,结局评估的范围可以分为患者个体、患者家庭和陪护人员以及社会三个层次。临床干预结局评估指标主要分为有效性、安全性和卫生经济学指标三类。临床干预效果是通过比较试验组和对照组干预结局指标之间的关系来表示,不同的比较方式会产生不同的效应表达。本文主要介绍临床干预结局指标的范围、分类和常用的效应表达方式。

Effect of clinical intervention on human body is multistage and multifaceted, involving physiology, psychology, social function and the surrounding resources, etc. Therefore, the range of clinical outcome assessment includes patient, his or her family and care giver. The evaluation of clinical intervention mainly focuses on its effectiveness, safety and health economics. Effects of clinical interventions are measured by comparisons of the outcome of intervention and control groups. Different effect measures come from different comparisons.