母乳喂养与婴儿幽门螺杆菌感染的前瞻性研究

Perspective study of breasffeeding and Helicobacter pylori infection in infants

目的研究母乳喂养与婴儿幽门螺杆菌（H.pylori）感染的相关性和H.pylori阳性母亲婴儿H.pylori的感染率。方法通过对2005年1月-2005年12月出生的中山市城镇婴儿的父母提供标准化问卷调查，随机选择经济生活条件好和依从性好的家庭进入研究。婴儿分为母亲H.pylori阳性组（50例）和母亲H.pylori阴性组（100例），又各自分为母乳喂养组和非母乳喂养组。用ELISA方法检测母亲分娩前及婴儿出生后1-2 d、6月、12月粪便幽门螺杆菌抗原（HpSA）。结果母亲H.pylori阳性组婴儿HP感染率均高于母亲H.pylori阴性组（P〈0.05）；无论母亲是否H.pylori阳性，母乳喂养组和非母乳喂养组婴儿H.pylori感染率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论婴儿H.pylori感染与H.pylori阳性母亲有关，可能通过密切接触传播，与母乳喂养无关。

ObjectiVe The relationships of breastfeeding and Helicobacter pylori infection in infants were investigated. Methods Study subjects were all infants in the town of zhongshan, China, from January 2005 to December 2005. The parents provided additional information through a standardized questionnaire. According to the standardized questionnaire, we selected infants born to mothers of high cultural and socioeconomic levels. Infants were divided into two groups, including H. pylori positive mother group （ n = 50 ） and H. pylori negative mother group （ n = 100）. The two groups were divided into breastfed group and not breastfed group respectively. The infection status of the infants and accompanying mother was determined by the stool antigen test. Results Positive rate was significantly higher in the children whose mothers were seropositive than that in the children whose mothers were seronegative. There was no significance difference ofH. pylori infection between breastfed infants and never breastfed infants. Conclusions These results suggest that breastfeeding does not protect against acquisition ofH. pylori. Infected mothers may play an important role in transmission of the disease to the child through close contact in early childhood.