单胺氧化酶B单核苷酸多态性与幼犬工作行为性状的关联分析

Association between the canine monoamine oxidase B(MAOB) gene polymorphisms and traits of main working behaviors in puppies

测定了204条德国牧羊犬、拉布拉多犬、史宾格犬二月龄幼犬对人依恋性和服从性、衔取、争夺游戏和胆量等行为性状,同时用PCR-RFLP方法检测各犬单胺氧化酶B(MAOB)基因型。用2χ检验MAOB基因多态性的基因型和基因频率在品种间的分布,发现基因型和基因频率在犬品种之间差异极显著(P<0.01)。构建一般线性模型分析MAOB基因型与行为性状的关系,发现MAOB基因型对幼犬的衔取行为有显著影响(P<0.05)。TC基因型犬的衔取得分值均高于TT型(P<0.01)。这些结果表明,MAOB基因可能是影响犬衔取行为的主效基因或与主效基因紧密连锁的标记基因,可用于建立选择犬衔取性状的基因标记辅助选择方法。

Behavior traits such as affability and obedience to human, fetch and retrieve, tug of war, fear and courage were tested in 204 two-month old puppies from 3 breeds （German Shepherd Dog, Labrador Retriever, English Springer Spaniel）. The polymorphism of monoamine oxidase B （MAOB） gene was detected by PCR-RFLP. X^2 analysis indicted that genotypes and allelic frequencies of MAOB gene were significantly different among the three breeds （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Associated analysis of MAOB polymorphism and behavioral traits tested were conducted with general linear model analysis using SAS software. The results showed that MAOB polymorphism has significant effect on fetch and retrieve （P 〈 0. 05）. The scores of fetch and retrieve behavior of TC genotype puppies were higher than that of TT （P 〈 0. 01 ）. It suggested that MAOB gene could be candidate gene locus or a linked marker to a major gene which affects fetch and retrieve behavior of dog significantly.