吉林省尿石症病人的分布规律

Distribution orderliness of patients with urinary stone in Jilin province

目的:了解吉林省尿石症的分布规律,探讨其成因及防治措施。方法:对吉林省不同地区尿石症10年来的发病及复发情况进行了调查,并对其中2 058例泌尿系结石患者的自然情况进行了详细统计和成分分析。结果:统计显示,尿石症患者的分布具有明显的地域性,且患者的年龄以青壮年为主,男性发病率远高于女性;结石的生长部位以肾部为主,其次为膀胱;测出了结石组分共18种且以草酸盐、磷酸盐及其混合物为主,其次是尿酸盐;草酸盐和磷酸盐多分布在肾和输尿管而尿酸盐多分布于膀胱;结石的结构多为同心环状,且草酸盐和磷酸盐多为交替成层分布,而尿酸盐与草酸盐共生时尿酸盐多分布于内部草酸盐多分布于壳部;不同成分的复发率不同,以二水草酸钙和碳酸磷灰石混合组分的结石复发较快。结论:为进一步探讨泌尿系结石形成的环境因素及尿石症的有效防治提供了依据。

Objective To underst and the distribution orderliness of urinary stone disease in Jilin province and discuss its genesis and prevention measures.Method It is investigated that the urinary stone disease coming on and recrudesce of different areas in Jilin province about near decade;and the compositions of 2 058 urinary stone samples were tested and the natural condition of urinary stone disease suffers was accorded.Results The statistical results show that the distribution of urinary stone disease suffers has the characteristic of local section and the main age of suffers is about 20～60 years old,further more,man is more than woman.The position of urinary stone is mainly at nephridium and bladder secondly.18 kinds of urinary stone compositions are tested and oxalate and phosphate,also their mixture are the first and uric acid is secondly;oxalate and phosphate is mainly located at nephridium and ureter,while uric acid is located at bladder mainly.The structure of urinary stone is annularity mainly and oxalate is alternated with phosphate like layer and uric acid will at core whilst oxalate will at shell of stone when oxalate is intergrowed with uric acid.Different composition has the different recrudesce ratio and the intergrowth of calcium oxalate with two hydro and calcium carbonic phosphate recrudesces more rapidly.Conclusion The investigated results provide the evidence to discuss the environmental genesis of urinary stone disease and its effective prevention.