维生素E对克氏原螯虾生殖的影响

The effect of vitamin E in diet on spawning of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii Girard

实验用不同的维生素E(VE)含量的饲料投喂克氏原螯虾亲虾,研究对其繁殖性能的影响,目的是为研制亲虾的人工饲料提供指导。结果显示,在添加VE量分别为基础饲料干重的0%、0.004%、0.02%、0.1%和0.5%的5个饲料组中,0.02%VE组不仅可以增加产卵雌虾的数量比例,而且也能提高克氏原螯虾雌虾的产卵量。随着VE含量的升高,产卵雌虾的比例呈下降趋势,单个雌虾的产卵量与0.02%VE组差不多,这表明饲料中适当添加VE可促进克氏原螯虾产卵,但饲料中VE含量过高对克氏原螯虾的繁殖产生负面影响。在饲料中添加适量的VE能够提高亲虾繁殖能力,方法简单,效果明显,适合规模化生产的需要,可以推广。

The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii has become one of the main aquatic animals in China in recent several years due to its delicious taste and abundant nutrition. However, the resources of this crawfish have been very limited because of its economic value and being fished without limitation. So the artificial reproduction technique is imminently required to be developed to meet the need of the markets. In order to make up artificial food for the crayfish breeders, we tried to investigate the appropriate amount of VE in the diet. The effect of VE in diet during maturing period of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii was analyzed by feeding with diets infused with 0%, 0. 004%, 0.02%, 0. 1% and 0. 5% of VE, respectively. The results showed that the percentage of spawning females in the group fed with 0.02% of vitamin E （VE） was much higher than those in other groups, while with the increasing of VE content, the ratio of spawning females decreased. Furthermore, the amount of laid eggs per female was also more in 0.02%, 0.1% and 0.5% of VE groups than that in control group （0%）. These results suggest that the diet containing appropriate VE can promote the development of gonad and spawning of females in this crayfish. However, excessive VE may have negative effect on reproduction. The food infused with appropriate VE can improve the fertility of Procambarus clarkil, which may be a feasible way for application.