减压、加速前后飞行员血小板体积、直径以及分型的变化

Changes of platelet volume and diameter and differential platelet counts in pilots before and after decompression or acceleration

目的测定飞行员血小板的体积和直径以及分型在减压、加速前后的变化,从而探讨飞行员适应高加速度的防护。方法我们对96名歼击机飞行员分别在减压与加速条件下测定血小板体积与直径,血小板体积用美国雅培CD-1700血细胞分析仪测定,直径用扫描电镜法测定,用电镜观察其形态分型。结果减压前血小板(PC)体积为5.3μm3,减压后体积为7.1μm3,两者有显著性差异(P<0.005);加速前PC体积为5.5μm3,加速后为8.2μm3,两者有显著性差异(P<0.001)。试验前两组PC直径均值及其分布百分比无明显差别,试验后两组直径均值增加,其中以5.1μm以上增加最显著,均P<0.001。减压或加速后树突型、展平型和崩解型增加,而圆型和过渡型减少。结论本研究结果说明减压或加速均可导致机体血小板体积与直径的增加,但加速比减压导致PC上述变化更加显著。减压和加速后飞行员PC各型均有不同程度的改变。

Objective To measure the changes of platelets（PC） volume and diameter and differential platelets counts in pilots after decompression and acceleration,and it is also potertially useful to find out proper protective methods and futher increase the anti-G ability of the body. Methods We measure the changes of PC volume and diameter in 96 pilots in the decompression and acceleration,with PC analytical equipment of American and electron microscopy respectively.Results Platelets volume was 5.3 μm^3 before decompression,and after decompression platelets volume was 7.1 μm^3,there had been great difference（P〈0.005）.Platelets volume was 5.5 μm^3 before acceleration,and was 8.2 μm^3 after acceleration,it also had great difference（P〈0.001）.The mean and distribution proportion of platelets diameter had no difference between the two groups before test,but there were all increased after the test,it was great different in the diameter upwards of 5.1 μm（P〈0.001）.It was found that platelets of dendritical,spreading and lysing type were increased remarkably after decompression and acceleration,while platelets of spherical and transitional type were decreased. Conclusion The results of this study suggested that platelets volume and diameter were increased in the decompression and acceleration,and it was obviously in the acceleration condition.The decompression and acceleration contibute to the changes in differential platelets counts in pilots.