地铁站火灾烟气扩散控制模式的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of smoke control modes in underground railway station fire

提出了在楼梯口采用防烟空气幕来代替挡烟垂壁及速度不小于1.5m/s向下气流的烟气控制模式。建立了双层地铁车站的物理模型,采用CFD方法模拟比较了4种烟气控制模式的控制效果。结果表明,在楼梯口设置防烟空气幕不仅可以保证人员6min以上的安全疏散时间,而且减少了所需新风量,可以有效阻止火灾的进一步扩大和控制烟气扩散。

Puts forward a smoke control mode of applying smoke-preventing air curtain substituting for ceiling screen and down air flow with velocity no lower than 1.5 m/s at the landing of stairs.Establishes a physical model of a two-layer underground railway station,simulates and compares four smoke control modes by CFD.The results indicate that more than 6 minutes for safe evacuation can be guaranteed by the smoke-prevention air curtain and the quantity of fresh air is reduced compared with the conventional modes,therefore effectively prevents the fire expanding further and controls the smoke spreading.