沙尘暴及相关的自然灾害

Duststorms and the Related Disasters

报告扼要概述了我国沙尘暴监测、预测和预警以及灾害评估的业务化运行系统。该系统在中国气象局、中国科学院和一些大学共同努力下,从2002年建成并在业务上试运行,2004年起正式投入业务使用。该系统业务应用以来,对发生的沙尘暴无一遗漏,预报较准确,效果良好;春季沙尘天气-气候趋势跨年度-跨季度预测也很有参考价值。灾害初级评价系统也对政府和经济部门有用。此外,文章还谈及沙尘暴在漫长岁月里长期累积的沧海桑田效应(对人类有利)和气候效应(尚不知其利弊),以及作为灾害的防治问题。

This is a report describing briefly the ＂Duststorm monitoring, Predicting and Warming system＂. This system was developed by the scientists of China Meteorological Administration, Chinese Academy of Sciences and some universities and applied as a subroutine in the National Satellite Meteorological Center and the National Meteorological Center since 2002, and became an operational one in the daily routine service since 2004. The system consists of the following components： the satellite remote sensing and the ground based observational network, the short-range numericeal dust-weather prediction, extr-annual and extraseasonal prediction of anormalies of spring atmospheric circulation and soil moisture, renewable GIS （Geographic Information System） and the information and evaluation of related disarsters.